Private pension investments are an excellent way to guarantee a more peaceful and secure retirement. But with so many investment options available, how do you know which one is best? Let's explore the alternatives and understand what to consider when choosing a private pension plan.
What is a private pension?
First of all, it's important to understand what private pensions are. Basically, it's a long-term investment that aims to complement public pensions. In other words, you contribute monthly or periodically to a fund that will grow over the years, guaranteeing you an additional income in retirement.
What are the types of private pension?
In Brazil, there are two main types of private pension: PGBL and VGBL. O Free Benefit Generating Plan (PGBL) allows you to deduct up to 12% of your annual gross income from your income tax, ideal for those who file a full tax return. The Life Generating Free Benefits (VGBL) is more suitable for those who file a simplified tax return, as taxes are only levied on the return at the time of redemption.
PGBL and its advantages
The PGBL is ideal for those who want to make the most of the tax benefits. Deducting the contributions from income tax can result in a greater amount invested over time.
VGBL and its advantages
The VGBL is interesting for those who prefer a simple tax return. As taxation is only levied on the return, it can be a good option for those who don't need significant deductions from their income tax.
What to consider when choosing a pension plan
In addition to understanding the types of plans, it is essential to consider other factors when choosing your private pension. Let's look at some of the main ones:
Profitability
One of the main concerns is profitability. Compare different funds and analyze their performance history. Remember, a good plan should at least outperform the CDI.
Fees
Another critical point is the fees charged by the plan. Administration and loading fees can significantly impact the return on your investment over the years. Look for plans with lower fees.
Investor profile
Considering your investor profile is also essential. If you're more conservative, opt for plans with less risk. If you're bolder, you can look for funds with a higher potential return.
Main investment options for private pensions
Now that we know what to consider when choosing a plan, let's explore some of the main options available on the market:
Fixed income funds
Fixed-income funds are suitable for more conservative investors, offering lower risk and a more stable return. They are a good option for those looking for security.
Multimarket funds
These funds allow you to invest in a combination of assets such as shares, fixed income and foreign exchange. They offer greater diversification and return potential, but also present greater risks.
Stock funds
Investing in stock funds can be very lucrative in the long term, but it is best suited to investors with a higher tolerance for risk. The volatility of the stock market can generate large variations in returns.
In short, before choosing your private pension investment, remember to analyze all these factors and make a long-term projection. Plan financially and choose the option that best suits your objectives.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between PGBL and VGBL?
The main difference is in the form of taxation. In the PGBL, contributions can be deducted from income tax, while in the VGBL, taxation is only levied on the return.
How to calculate the profitability of a pension plan?
Profitability can be calculated based on the fund's performance history. Compare its performance over the last few years and see if it beats benchmarks such as the CDI.
Is it worth investing in a private pension if I already contribute to the INSS?
Yes, because private pensions complement public pensions, guaranteeing extra income and greater financial security in the future.
What are the most common fees for pension plans?
The most common fees are the administration fee and the loading fee. The former is charged on the amount invested and the latter on each contribution made.
How do I choose the best pension plan for my profile?
Analyzing your investor profile (conservative, moderate or bold), your liquidity needs and long-term financial objectives.
Is it possible to migrate from one pension plan to another?
Yes, it is possible to port from one plan to another without incurring IR at the time of the transfer, and it can be a good strategy for seeking better conditions.
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